• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A hay-type crop harvester has a chassis supported on the ground on wheels and normally displaceable along the ground in a predetermined travel direction. A crop cutter is mounted ahead of the wheels on the chassis and extends transversely substantially the full width of the chassis so as to cut a swath of crop and pass it backward. A central crop conditioner is provided on the chassis between the wheels thereof and two outer crop conditioners are each provided on a respective side of the chassis to respective sides of the wheels. An auger provided with oppositely directed screwthread formations at each of the conditioners transports the crop laterally so that after being cut in a single wide swath it is subdivided into three portions each of which is fed to a respective conditioner. Thereafter the portions may be laid down in windrows between and outside the wheels of the harvester.
    公开号:SU952144A1
    申请号:SU787770299
    申请日:1978-09-13
    公开日:1982-08-23
    发明作者:Герхард Шмидт；Кристян Ноак；Клаус Ульрих；Фолькер Хенель；Бернд Кретцшмар；Ханс-Ехен Клот；Вольфганг Питш；Петер Хеше；Теодор Ейстерт；Клаус Олива；Манфред Крейдлер
    申请人:Феб Комбинат Фортшритт Ландмашинен (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    In addition, from DE-OS 19 42 733 a cleaning machine is known, equipped with a conventional cutting unit with a cutting bar, a reel and a cross conveyor screw installed in front of the machine. Between the wheels of the machine there is a device for processing the bevelled mass, above which there is a non-overlapping shield at the end of which there is a turning guide. A spreading device consisting of two rotating in opposite directions and overlapping spreading plates is installed below the guide plate above the ground surface. The mass beveled by the cutting unit is reduced by the cross conveyor auger to the width of the wheel track and fed further to the device for processing the bevelled mass which throws the broad mass upward obliquely towards the overlapping shield from where it is directed further to the rotary guide plate. From this shield, the mass falls into the spreading device located under it, which places the bevelled mass on the field with a wider band than the narrowed mass flow. With this harvester, the rear wheels move around the cut, which results in losses during harvesting, and also reduces the quality of the latter. For this reason, the broad swath is also unevenly dried, which affects either a longer drying time or a treatment that is costly and time consuming. The next drawback is that a slight width of the preparatory ... .. .. of the rostika leads to a slight acceleration of the drying time. From DE-OS 16 32 846, there is a known cleaning machine consisting of a tractor and two cutting machines located on the front side of the tractor side-by-side with each other. The suspension of these cutting units is carried out by means of an auxiliary frame, which, through appropriate hinges, also makes it possible to copy the soil surface. The laying of the ground mass in this technical solution takes place on the right and left of the tractor in the form of two rolls. The disadvantage is that the use of separate cutting devices requires a lot of expenses associated with the suspension of cutting devices, their drives and their installation on supports. Losses during harvesting result from the fact that there is inevitably a free strip between the cutting units, which cannot be repaired at this place even when vertical knives are installed. The costs associated with installing these vertical knives are also significant. The biggest drawback is that laying the ground mass under the tractor chassis is impossible, so that the mowed weight with a large grip width and a large density of plantations is placed on the field with an insufficiently wide strip. The possibility of laying the bevelled mass on the field in the form of three rolls, according to this decision, consists in the use of three separate cutting units, but the shortcomings already listed in this case would increase even more. This is the main disadvantage of using several cutting apparatus arranged side by side. To apply a single cutting apparatus for laying the mass on the field in the form of three rolls has so far not been possible, because the problem of separating the beveled mass after mowing has not been technically solved. The aim of the invention is to provide a cutting apparatus for self-propelled agricultural machines for laying on the field of rolls of mowed mass and processing them in a width that allows in the shortest possible time, at minimum loss and low cost, to dry the mown mass. The basis of the invention lies in the task of creating a cutting apparatus for self-propelled agricultural machines for laying rolls of skewed mass on the field and processing them across the width, made in the form of a closed unified unit, which separates the skewed mass to prevent penetration under the wheels laid across the width of the cutting the apparatus of the canted mass, which does not require the use of additional stem crop processing machines in order to speed up their drying and does not need any additional distribution spreading-negative elements for placing on the crop Schirin apparatus. According to the invention, this is solved by the fact that on the cutting apparatus mounted in front of the self-propelled agricultural machine, in the housing adjacent to the central discharge window, to the left and right of the wheels, are provided other loading-off windows selectively closed by the overlapping shields. Behind these unloading windows there are devices for treating the bulk mass, which occupies the entire width of the unloading window. The transverse cutting auger of the cutting apparatus in the region of these discharge ports has, on the one hand, left and, on the other hand, right turns of the auger, the spiral tape being made in such a way that the canted mass is delivered in each case to the middle of each preparatory device. The outer turns of the screw extend from the middle of the device for processing the bevelled mass to the side wall of the cutting apparatus, and the turns of the screw lying between them are from the middle of the device for processing the bevelled mass to the track.
    The coils of the screw in the gauge area are located on the screw casing opposite each other, and their ends overlap. The ends are designed in such a way that, in the plane of the cross section, located approximately in the middle of the track, the turns of the screw still have the full outer diameter of the turns of the screw and, starting from here, are arcuately wiped out towards the casing of the screw. Agricultural crops are mown in a known manner by the mower unit and are further directed to the transverse auger located behind it. The described execution of the turns of the screw contributes to the fact that the ends of the turns of the screw in the gauge area perform the function of separating elements, i.e. they distribute the skewed mass arriving in this place alternately left and right. This shift is needed because otherwise the long-stemmed grasses, because of the tendency to form a dense mass, could not be divided. The arcuate movement of the auger coils by their gradual immersion in the mowed mass facilitates the separation process and prevents the stems from being wound on the auger. The coils of the screw located in front of the discharge ports on the casing of the screw are transmitted by their transverse trance. porting and radial recoil of the bevelled mass onto devices for treating the mass, grinding and crushing the beveled mass and placing it on the field in the form of three loose rolls. As a result, the bevelled mass is laid in the field across the width, where the free lanes remain for track only.
    Observing the principle of solution - separation of the flow of oblique mass, but by increasing the number of opposite turns of the auger, it is possible to change the process of forming a roll of oblique mass. In this embodiment, in addition to the guiding elements in front of the wheels, there are also additional elements for forming the rolls in the middle of the compact mass processing devices. Between these elements is located one left turn of the screw, feeding the bevelled mass to the first or third quarter of the device. As a result, a double roller, which has a slightly larger surface than the roller described in a three-roll arrangement, is placed behind the mass treatment device, which creates even more favorable conditions for the substance. Roll guide pads, located on the left and right behind the preparation devices, are used to form a smooth roll edge. Their number is determined depending on whether they want to get a clean rut or to have a certain distance to the edge of unfolded plants.
    In contrast to the roll guide plates that narrow the width of the stack, devices for forming the rolls may be provided behind the preparation devices 1, increasing the width of the stack beyond the width of the device for processing the bevelled mass. These roll forming devices are
    0 from guide rods having a smaller radius of curvature than the parabola of the canting mass being dropped from the device for processing the canted mass. Due to the location of the guide rods at an acute angle to the direction of ejection, when viewed from above, the flow of the beveled mass ejected towards the roll forming device continuously expands from the device for processing the beveled weight to
    0 laying it on the field. Thus, it is possible to lay the bevelled mass across the entire width of the cutting unit, moreover, the ground mass falls only under slightly loaded rear wheels. The holes in the housing to the left or right of the wheels or the central opening in the housing can be closed with shutter valves at will, so that by replacing the cross conveyor auger, lateral laying of the rolls can be left or right or centered
    Q To do this, use a cross transport screw with left or right turns or a cross transport screw with left or right turns.
    According to the invention, the advantage of the cutting apparatus is that the skull weight is processed by devices for treating the ground mass with a large grip, as a result of which the efficiency of the grinding or crushing process, as compared to the device located between the wheels, increases significantly. The mowed mass from the cutting unit is laid on the field across the width of the cutting unit in the form of a loose roll without additional energy-distributing and spreading
    5 devices on self-propelled agricultural machinery, or additional machines such as a tedger, tedder and swather. This laying of the bevelled mass across the width of the cutting apparatus provides a significantly shorter time for the drill,
     than with the usual laying in the middle.
    The cost and consumption of materials to achieve the required degree is reduced. Harsh weather conditions during harvesting with the cutting apparatus according to the invention do not play any more the same role as when using the previously used machinery. In addition, the mowing mass is processed efficiently, so that losses during harvesting are insignificant. The mowed mass does not get under the wheels of the machine so that the swaths laid across the width are evenly dried and not soiled.
    The laying of the bevelled mass with the help of the cutting apparatus described in the invention is more uniform compared with the solution of DE-OS 19 42 733 with spreading plates, due to which the invention guarantees a quick drying of the whole bevelled mass.
    FIG. 1 shows a three-roll cutting machine for width setting, mounted on a self-propelled agricultural machine, top view; in fig. 2 - detail of the transverse transport of the screw in the gauge area; in fig. 3 - mounted on a self-propelled agricultural machine cutting unit for laying in width and six rolls, top view; in fig. 4- mounted on a self-propelled agricultural machine, a cutting apparatus with the elements for forming the rolls mounted behind the devices for treating the rolled mass, top view.
    The cutting apparatus 1, equipped with a cutting bar 2, a reel 3 and a cross conveyor screw 4, is suspended on a self-propelled reaper header. In housing 5, along with central unloading windows 6, there is another discharge window on the left 7 and one on the right - 8. These discharge windows 6 , 7 and 8 can optionally be closed with flaps 9. Behind the unloading windows 6, 7 and 8 there are devices 10 for processing the bevelled mass mounted on the chassis frame of a self-propelled row header or cutting unit 1. In the area of the unloading windows 6, 7 and 8 casing 11 pope river transport auger 4 has on one side of the left turn 12 of the screw, and on the other side - the right 13 turn of the screw. In the area of the wheels 14 of the self-propelled row header, the right turns of the screw 12 and the left turns of the screw 13 end, and they are located on the casing 11 opposite to each other and overlap. In the plane of the cut, the transverse transport screw 4 located in the center of the track, the right turns 12 of the screw and the left turns 13 of the screw have the full outer diameter of the turns of the screw and, starting from here, they are bowed down to the casing P.
    In another embodiment (Fig. 3), the cover 11 of the transverse transport screw 4 in the area in front of each device for treating the ground mass 10 on the left and right side has one left screw coil 15 and one right screw 16. The ends of the coils 15 and 16 of the screw are located in the area of the wheels 14 and in the center of the device 10 for processing the bevelled mass opposite to each other and with overlap. In-plane of the cross section of the transverse transport pin 4, located approximately in the center of the track and in the center of the device 10 for treating the bevelled mass, the left coil 15 of the screw. And the right coil 16 of the screw have full outer diameter and, starting from here, they are arcuate towards the casing I. In both versions, on the left and / or on the right, roll guide plates 17 are located next to the mowing device 10 for shaping the exact roll edge relative to the wheels 14 or the edges of the mowed plants . Instead of these roll guiding plates 17 behind the device 10 for treating the bevelled mass, the elements 18 for forming the roll can also be installed. These elements 18 for forming a roll consist of curved or straight guide rods 19 protruding beyond the width of the device 10 for treating the ground mass. Discharge vanes 20 are provided in the area of the device 10 for processing bevelled mass to facilitate the radial feed of the beveled mass by a cross conveyor screw.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. The cutting device of the self-propelled agricultural machine for laying the bevelled mass across the width of the cutting unit, mounted frontally relative to the agricultural machine and containing a transverse pin, in the casing of which there is a discharge window and a device for processing the folded mass located between the wheels of the self-propelled machine, characterized in that the housing 5 on either side of the track of the wheels 14 has additional discharge openings 7, 8, which are designed to shut off the flaps 9, behind each of which a device 10 for treating the bevelled mass is placed, the transverse screw 4 on the casing 11 before each discharge window 6, 7, 8 has turns 12, 13 with the opposite direction of winding for feeding the beveled mass to the centers of the device 10 for treating the beveled mass, and the length of each one-sided The winding 12, 13 is equal to the distance from the center of the device 10 for treating the bevelled mass to the end of the cutting apparatus 1 or to the auger having the opposite winding, which is located mainly in the middle of the nearest wheel track, while the coils Some with oppositely directed windings are made with overlap and winding height decreasing in the overlap zone from the middle of the wheel track.
    [2]
    2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse pin 4 is at least
    at least one of the devices 10 for treating the bevelled mass to the right or left along the agricultural machine has one turn 15, 16 of the screw for feeding the beveled mass to the first and third quarter of the device 10 for processing the bevelled weight, with the ends of the turns 15, 16 of the screw in the zones of the wheel and the center of the device 10 for treating the bevelled mass have the opposite direction of winding, are arranged with a cover and are made with an arc-like height that decreases from these zones.
    [3]
    3. Apparatus according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the device 10 for treating the beveled mass has left and / or right along the direction of movement of the agricultural machine the guides 17.
    [4]
    4. The device on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the devices 10 for treating the bevelled mass comprise elements 18 for forming rolls, containing guide rods 19 which are located under an acute angle to the direction of the throwing from the center of the device 10 for treating the bevelled mass towards the parabola of the canting oblique masses and have a direct or arcuate shape with a radius of curvature less than the curvature of this parabola.
    [5]
    5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that on the cross screw 4 in front of the devices 10 for treating the bevelled mass there are discharging vanes 20.
    Recognized as an invention according to the results of the examination carried out by the Office for the Invention of the German Democratic Republic
    FIG. one
    FIG. I
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    SU1732844A1|1992-05-15|Windrower
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    SU1021392A1|1983-06-07|Agricultural machine swathing tooth
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2405633A1|1979-05-11|
    BG32424A1|1982-08-16|
    US4274247A|1981-06-23|
    CS218859B1|1983-02-25|
    GB2005975B|1982-05-12|
    DD135148B1|1980-04-30|
    GB2005975A|1979-05-02|
    HU180752B|1983-04-29|
    FR2405633B1|1983-09-09|
    PL116784B1|1981-06-30|
    DE2837624A1|1979-04-19|
    PL210206A1|1979-07-16|
    DD135148A1|1979-04-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2529175C1|2013-04-11|2014-09-27|Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет"|Mechanical lawnmower|NL6701059A|1967-01-24|1968-07-25|
    US3546861A|1969-05-12|1970-12-15|Int Harvester Co|Forage harvester|
    US3624987A|1969-10-06|1971-12-07|Sperry Rand Corp|Hay cutting and conditioning machine|
    FR2080437A5|1970-02-27|1971-11-12|Fortschritt Veb K|
    US3608286A|1970-08-17|1971-09-28|Sperry Rand Corp|Mower-conditioner frame|
    US3672136A|1970-09-21|1972-06-27|Int Harvester Co|Mower conditioner|
    DE2053073C3|1970-10-29|1981-01-29|Maschinenfabriken Bernard Krone Gmbh, 4441 Spelle|mower|
    DE2607666A1|1976-02-25|1977-09-01|Fahr Ag Maschf|ROTARY MOWER|
    NL7604451A|1976-04-27|1977-10-31|Texas Industries Inc|MOWING MACHINE.|DD235411A1|1985-03-20|1986-05-07|Fortschritt Veb K|CUTTING WORK FOR WIDE FILING|
    DE3923637C2|1989-07-17|1992-06-25|Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln, De|
    DE19932285A1|1999-07-10|2001-04-26|Deere & Co|Self-propelled mower and conveyor|
    US6415590B1|2000-08-21|2002-07-09|Agco Corporation|Double windrow attachment lift mechanism for harvesters|
    US6745552B2|2002-10-25|2004-06-08|New Holland North America, Inc.|Fluffing roll for crop harvesting machines|
    US7028459B2|2003-12-04|2006-04-18|Acco Corporation|Triple windrowing method and apparatus|
    US20150040528A1|2013-08-06|2015-02-12|Cnh America Llc|Residue management system for an agricultural vehicle|
    CN105684628B|2016-02-03|2019-02-19|贾传东|Header|
    US10356980B2|2016-10-28|2019-07-23|Deere & Company|Work vehicle with wheel/track crop swath avoidance|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DD20147677A|DD135148B1|1977-10-12|1977-10-12|CUTTING WORK FOR SELF-PROPELLED AGRICULTURAL MACHINES|
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